Basic Principles of Genetics
13 de April de 2024
Understand the fundamental principles of feline genetics and their implications for appearance, behavior, and health—especially in British Shorthairs.
Basic Principles of Genetics
To fully grasp the content discussed on this blog, it's important to understand basic genetics. This article outlines key definitions to better comprehend feline heredity and breeding.
1. Key Definitions
- Chromosomes: DNA structures that carry genes.
- Homologous Chromosomes: A chromosome pair with equivalent genetic information.
- Gene: DNA sequence responsible for hereditary traits.
- Gene Locus: A gene’s specific position on a chromosome.
- Alleles: Genes occupying the same locus; can be dominant or recessive.
- Dominant Trait: Expressed when at least one dominant allele is present.
- Recessive Trait: Expressed only when both alleles are recessive.
- Genotype: Genetic constitution inherited from both parents.
- Phenotype: Observable traits resulting from genotype + environment.
2. Why Genetics Matter
Genetics influence how cats look, behave, and stay healthy.
- Dominant and Recessive Genes: Dominant alleles require just one copy to express. Recessive alleles require two.
- Codominance: Both alleles contribute to the phenotype (e.g., grey fur).
3. Genetics and Health
Genetics also affect disease risk. Responsible breeders test for inherited diseases to maintain healthy lineages.
4. Final Thoughts
Understanding feline genetics allows breeders and guardians to make informed decisions, promoting both well-being and genetic diversity.