Feline Infectious Peritonitis – FIP in British Shorthair Cats

Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) is caused by a coronavirus that can remain infectious on dry surfaces for up to seven weeks. British Shorthair cats are also susceptible to this disease.

Forms of the Disease

FIP appears in two primary forms:

Effusive (Wet) Form: Fluid accumulation in the abdomen or chest, with widespread inflammation.
Non-Effusive (Dry) Form: Involves organs like the brain, kidneys, liver, eyes, and lymph nodes with neurological and ocular symptoms.

Risk Factors

Young cats (6 months – 2 years) and elderly cats
Breed susceptibility: Persian, Bengal, Birman, etc.
Overcrowded environments (shelters/catteries)
Malnutrition or co-infections (FeLV, FIV)
Immunosuppressive medications

Transmission

The virus spreads mainly via fecal-oral route, especially through shared litter boxes. It can also be transmitted via saliva and respiratory droplets.

Clinical Signs

Persistent fever
Weight loss, lethargy
Diarrhea, dehydration
Jaundice (dry form)
Eye changes, neurological signs

Conclusion: FIP is a serious and often fatal disease. Early diagnosis, isolation, and responsible breeding are key to reducing its incidence.